Aotelega:
1. Susū ma fa'asalalauina
2. Defoamer
3. Mafiafia
4. Fa'aopoopo e fai ata tifaga
5. Anti-corrosion, anti-mildew ma anti-algae agent
6. Isi mea fa'aopoopo
1 Susū ma fa'asalalauina:
E fa'aogaina e le vai fa'avae le vai e pei o se solvent po'o le fa'asalalauina, ma o le vai o lo'o i ai le tele o le dielectric faifai pea, o lea e fa'amautu ai le fa'aogaina o le vai e le fa'afefe electrostatic pe a fa'apipi'i le lua eletise eletise. E le gata i lea, i totonu o le faʻaogaina o le faʻaogaina o le vai, e masani ona i ai polymers ma non-ionic surfactants, lea e faʻapipiʻiina i luga o le pito i luga o le pigment filler, e fausia ai se faʻalavelave faʻafefe ma faʻamautuina le faʻasalalau. O le mea lea, vai-fa'avae vali ma emulsions ausia taunu'uga mautu e ala i le gaoioiga soofaatasi o le electrostatic repulsion ma steric aindrance. O lona fa'aletonu o le le lelei o le electrolyte tete'e, aemaise lava mo electrolytes maualuga tau.
1.1 Susū susū
O mea fa'asusu mo pa'u vai e vaevaeina i le anionic ma le nonionic.
O le tu'ufa'atasiga o le susu ma le fa'asalalauina e mafai ona ausia taunu'uga lelei. Ole aofa'i ole susū e masani lava e itiiti ile afe. O lona aʻafiaga leaga o le faʻafefe ma faʻaitiitia le vai faʻafefe o le ata faʻapipiʻi.
O se tasi o faiga faʻaleleia o vailaʻau susu o le suia malie lea o le polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ether (APEO poʻo le APE) faʻafefe susu, aua e oʻo atu ai i le faʻaitiitia o hormones tane i isumu ma faʻalavelave i le endocrine. Polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ethers o loʻo faʻaaogaina lautele e fai ma emulsifiers i le taimi o le polymerization emulsion.
O lua surfactants o ni atina'e fou foi. E lua molelaula amphiphilic e feso'ota'i e se spacer. O le mea e sili ona iloga o masini masaga-cell surfactants o le maualuga o le micelle concentration (CMC) e sili atu nai lo se faʻatonuga o le maualuga e maualalo ifo nai lo latou "selau tasi" surfactants, sosoo ai ma le maualuga maualuga. E pei ole TEGO Twin 4000, o se masini masaga siloxane surfactant, ma e le mautu foam ma defoaming meatotino.
Air Products ua atia'e Gemini surfactants. Surfactants masani ei ai le siʻusiʻu hydrophobic ma le ulu hydrophilic, ae o lenei surfactant fou e lua vaega hydrophilic ma lua pe tolu vaega hydrophobic, lea o se surfactant multifunctional , ua taʻua o acetylene glycols, oloa e pei o EnviroGem AD01.
1.2 Dispersant
Fa'asalalau mo vali latex ua vaevaeina i ni vaega se fa: fa'asalalau phosphate, fa'asalalau polyacid homopolymer, fa'asalalau polyacid copolymer ma isi fa'asalalau.
O faʻasalalauga faʻasalalau sili ona faʻaaogaina o polyphosphates, e pei o le sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate (Calgon N, oloa a le BK Giulini Chemical Company i Siamani), potassium tripolyphosphate (KTPP) ma tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP). O le faiga o lana gaioiga o le faʻamautuina lea o le faʻafefe eletise e ala i le faʻaogaina o le hydrogen ma le adsorption vailaʻau. O lona aoga o le maualalo o le vailaʻau, e tusa ma le 0.1%, ma o loʻo i ai se faʻasalalauga lelei i luga o pigments ma faʻatumu. Ae o loʻo i ai foi ni faaletonu: o le tasi, faatasi ai ma le siitia o le pH ma le vevela, o le polyphosphate e faigofie ona faʻafefeteina, e mafua ai le leaga o le teuina mo se taimi umi; O le le atoatoa o le fa'amavaeina o le a a'afia ai le iila o le latex vali iila.
Fosphate ester dispersants o paluga o monoesters, diesters, ava malosi totoe ma phosphoric acid.
O mea fa'asalalauina o le fosfate e fa'amautu le ta'apeina o pua'a, e aofia ai mea fa'afoliga e pei ole zinc oxide. I le fa'avasegaina o vali iila, e fa'aleleia ai le iila ma le mama. E le pei o isi mea faʻapipiʻi susu ma faʻasalalau, o le faʻaopoopoga o faʻasalalauga phosphate ester e le afaina ai le KU ma le ICI viscosity o le ufiufi.
Polyacid homopolymer dispersant, e pei o le Tamol 1254 ma le Tamol 850, Tamol 850 o se homopolymer o le methacrylic acid. Polyacid copolymer dispersant, e pei ole Orotan 731A, o se copolymer o le diisobutylene ma maleic acid. O uiga o nei ituaiga e lua o dispersants latou te maua le malosi adsorption poʻo le taula i luga o le pito i luga o pigments ma fillers, umi mole filifili filifili e fausia steric faʻalavelave, ma maua solubility vai i le filifili pito, ma o nisi ua faaopoopo e electrostatic repulsion i. maua taunuuga mautu. Ina ia faia le dispersant maua dispersibility lelei, le mamafa mole e tatau ona matua pulea. Afai e laʻititi tele le mamafa mole, o le a le lava le faʻalavelave faʻafefe; afai e tele naua le mamafa mole, o le a tupu le flocculation. Mo polyacrylate dispersants, e mafai ona ausia le sili ona lelei le faʻasalalauga pe a fai o le tikeri o le polymerization o le 12-18.
O isi ituaiga o dispersants, e pei o le AMP-95, ei ai se igoa kemikolo o le 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. O le vaega amino e adsorbed i luga o le vaega inorganic, ma o le vaega hydroxyl faalautele atu i le vai, lea e taʻalo se matafaioi faʻamautu e ala i steric faʻalavelave. Ona o lona laʻititi laʻititi, e faʻatapulaʻaina le faʻalavelave steric. AMP-95 e masani lava o le pH regulator.
I tausaga talu ai nei, o le suʻesuʻega i luga o faʻasalalauga ua faʻatoʻilaloina le faʻafitauli o le flocculation e mafua mai i le maualuga o le mamafa o le mole, ma o le atinaʻeina o le mamafa mole maualuga o se tasi lea o faiga. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le maualuga o le molecular dispersant EFKA-4580 na gaosia e le polymerization emulsion e faʻapitoa ona atiaʻe mo faʻaulufalega faʻavae vai, e talafeagai mo le faʻasalalauina o le pigmenti ma le inorganic, ma e lelei le vai.
O vaega amino e iai se sootaga lelei mo le tele o lanu e ala i le faʻaogaina o le acid-base poʻo le hydrogen. O le poloka copolymer dispersant ma aminoacrylic acid e pei ona taulai atu i ai le vaega taula.
Dispersant fa'atasi ma le dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate e fai ma vaega fa'amau
Tego Dispers 655 fa'asusu ma ta'ape mea fa'aopoopo e fa'aaogaina i vali ta'avale e fa'afefe vai e le gata e fa'asa'o ai lanu ae fa'apea fo'i e puipuia ai le pa'u alumini mai le fa'afeagai ma le vai.
Ona o atugaluga o le siosiomaga, ua mafai ona atiaʻe mea faʻasusu ma faʻasalalau, e pei o le EnviroGem AE faʻasologa o masini masaga lua ma faʻasalalau faʻasalalau, ia e maualalo le faʻafefe o le susu ma le faʻasalalau.
2 fa'a'ofuofu:
E tele ituaiga vai fa'avae vai fa'afefeteina vali, lea e masani ona vaevaeina i ni vaega se tolu: fa'amama suauu minerale, polysiloxane defoamers ma isi defoamers.
E masani ona fa'aogaina mea e fa'afefe ai le suau'u minerale, e masani lava i vali latex mafolafola ma semi-iila.
O le Polysiloxane defoamers e maualalo le faʻalavelave i luga o le fogaeleele, malosi faʻafefe ma antifoaming gafatia, ma e le afaina ai le susulu, ae a faʻaaoga sese, o le a mafua ai le faʻaleagaina e pei o le faʻaitiitia o le ata faʻapipiʻi ma le toe faʻaleleia.
Fa'aleaga vai fa'avae vali e le fetaui ma le vaega vai e ausia ai le fa'amoemoega o le fa'amama, o lea e faigofie ai ona maua ni fa'aletonu i luga o le ata fa'apipi'i.
I tausaga talu ai nei, ua atiaʻe ai faʻamaʻi mole-level defoamers.
O lenei vaila'au fa'aantifoaming o se polymer e faia e ala i le tu'u sa'o o mea fa'amalosi fa'amalosi i luga o le mea e feavea'i. O le filifili mole mole o le polymer o loʻo i ai se vaega o le hydroxyl susu, o le mea e faʻafefeteina o loʻo faʻasalalau solo i le mole, o le mea galue e le faigofie ona faʻapipiʻi, ma o le fetaui ma le faiga faʻapipiʻi e lelei. O ia mea mole-level defoamers e aofia ai suauu minerale - FoamStar A10 series, silicon-containing - FoamStar A30 series, ma non-silicon, non-suauu polymers - FoamStar MF series.
Ua lipotia mai foi o lenei molecular-level defoamer e faʻaaogaina le super-greed star polymers e fai ma surfactants le fetaui, ma ua ausia iʻuga lelei i talosaga faʻapipiʻi vai. O le Air Products molecular-grade defoamer lipotia e Stout et al. ose acetylene glycol-fa'avae foam e pulea ma fa'amalo fa'atasi ma mea e lua susū, pei ole Surfynol MD 20 ma le Surfynol DF 37.
E le gata i lea, ina ia mafai ona faʻamalieina manaʻoga o le gaosia o le zero-VOC coatings, o loʻo i ai foi VOC-free defoamers, pei o Agitan 315, Agitan E 255, ma isi.
3 mea mafiafia:
E tele ituaiga o mafiafia, o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le taimi nei o le cellulose ether ma ona mea e maua mai ai mafiafia, faʻafesoʻotaʻi alkali-swellable mafiafia (HASE) ma polyurethane mafiafia (HEUR).
3.1. Cellulose ether ma ona mea e maua mai ai
O le Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) na muamua gaosia e le Union Carbide Company i le 1932, ma e silia ma le 70 tausaga lona talafaasolopito. I le taimi nei, o le mafiafia o le cellulose ether ma ona mea e maua mai e aofia ai le hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl Base cellulose (MHPC), methyl cellulose (MC) ma xanthan gum, ma isi, o mea nei e le-ionic mafiafia, ma e aofia ai foi i vaega vai e le fesootai mafiafia. Faatasi ai ma i latou, o le HEC e masani ona faʻaaogaina i le latex vali.
Hydrophobically modified cellulose (HMHEC) faʻafeiloaʻi se vaega laʻititi o le umi-chain hydrophobic alkyl vaega i luga o le hydrophilic backbone o cellulose e avea ma se mafiafia faʻatasi, e pei o le Natrosol Plus Grade 330, 331, Cellosize SG-100, Bermocoll EHM-100 . O lona aafiaga mafiafia e tutusa ma le cellulose ether mafiafia e sili atu le mamafa mole mole. E faʻaleleia ai le viscosity ma le faʻatulagaina o le ICI, ma faʻaitiitia ai le vevesi i luga o le fogaeleele, e pei o le maualuga o le HEC e tusa ma le 67mN / m, ma le maualuga o le HMHEC o le 55-65mN / m.
3.2 Alkali-swellable mafiafia
Alkali-swellable mafiafia ua vaevaeina i ni vaega se lua: non-asociative alkali-swellable mafiafia (ASE) ma soociative alkali-swellable mafiafia (HASE), o neinic mafiafia. ASE e le fa'atasi o se polyacrylate alkali fula emulsion. Associative HASE o se hydrophobically suia polyacrylate alkali fula emulsion.
3.3. Polyurethane mafiafia ma hydrophobically suia e le o polyurethane mafiafia
Polyurethane mafiafia, e ta'ua o le HEUR, o se vaega hydrophobic-suia ethoxylated polyurethane vai-soluble polymer, lea e patino i le non-ionic sociative mafiafia. HEUR e aofia ai vaega e tolu: vaega hydrophobic, filifili hydrophilic ma vaega polyurethane. O le vaega o le hydrophobic e faia se matafaioi faʻatasi ma o le mea taua lea mo le mafiafia, masani ole oleyl, octadecyl, dodecylphenyl, nonylphenol, ma isi. Ole filifili mole ole HEUR e faʻalauteleina e vaega polyurethane, pei ole IPDI, TDI ma le HMDI. O le fa'atulagaina o mea fa'apipi'i mafiafia o lo'o fa'amutaina e vaega hydrophobic. Ae ui i lea, o le tikeri o le suia o vaega hydrophobic i pito uma e lua o nisi HEURs avanoa faʻapisinisi e maualalo ifo i le 0.9, ma o le sili e naʻo le 1.7. E tatau ona matua fa'atonutonuina tulaga fa'aalia ina ia maua ai se mafiafia polyurethane fa'atasi ai ma le vaapiapi o le tufatufaina o le mamafa mole mole ma le fa'atinoga mautu. Ole tele ole HEUR o lo'o tu'ufa'atasia e ala ile fa'asolosolo fa'asolosolo, o lea ole HEUR o lo'o maua fa'apisinisi e masani lava o fa'afefiloi o mamafa mole mole lautele.
Richey et al. fa'aaogaina fluorescent tracer pyrene association thickener (PAT, numera averesi molecular mamafa 30000, mamafa averesi molecular mamafa 60000) e maua ai i se fa'atonuga o le 0.02% (mamafa), o le micelle aggregation tikeri o Acrysol RM-825 ma PAT e uiga i 6. O le feso'ota'iga malosi i le va o le mafiafia ma le pito i luga ole latex e tusa ma le 25 KJ/mol; o le vaega o loʻo nofoia e PAT taʻitasi mole mafiafia i luga ole latex vaega e tusa ma le 13 nm2, lea e uiga i le vaega o loʻo nofoia e Triton X-405 susua sui 14 taimi o le 0.9 nm2. Fesoʻotaʻi polyurethane mafiafia e pei o le RM-2020NPR, DSX 1550, ma isi.
O le atinaʻeina o mea faʻapitoa faʻafesoʻotaʻi polyurethane mafiafia ua maua le gauai lautele. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, BYK-425 o le VOC- ma le APEO-leai se urea-modified polyurethane mafiafia. Rheolate 210, Borchi Gel 0434, Tego ViscoPlus 3010, 3030 ma 3060 o O se polyurethane mafiafia fa'atasi e aunoa ma le VOC ma le APEO.
I le fa'aopoopoina i le laina fa'afeso'ota'i polyurethane mafiafia o lo'o fa'amatalaina i luga, o lo'o i ai fo'i ni mea fa'apipi'i fa'afeso'ota'i polyurethane mafiafia. O le mea lea e ta'ua o selu asosi polyurethane mafiafia o lona uiga o lo'o i ai se fa'aputu hydrophobic vaega i le ogatotonu o mole mafiafia ta'itasi. O ia mafiafia e pei o le SCT-200 ma le SCT-275 ma isi.
O le hydrophobically modified aminoplast thickener (hydrophobically modified ethoxylated aminoplast thickener—HEAT) e suia ai le resin amino faapitoa i vaega e fa fa'apipi'i hydrophobic, ae o le fa'agaoioiga o nei nofoaga tali e fa e ese. I le faʻaopoopoga masani o vaega hydrophobic, e naʻo le lua poloka hydrophobic vaega, o lea o le synthetic hydrophobic modified amino mafiafia e le ese tele mai HEUR, e pei o le Optiflo H 500. Afai e faaopoopo vaega hydrophobic, e pei o le 8%, e mafai ona fetuutuunai tulaga tali e maua ai mafiafia amino ma vaega hydrophobic poloka poloka. Ioe, o le mea fo'i lea e mafiafia selu. O lenei hydrophobic modified amino mafiafia e mafai ona taofia le viscosity vali mai le pa'ū ona o le faʻaopoopoina o le tele o surfactants ma glycol solvents pe a faʻaopoopo lanu tutusa. O le mafuaʻaga o le malosi o vaega hydrophobic e mafai ona puipuia le faʻaleagaina, ma le tele o vaega hydrophobic e malosi le mafutaga. O mea fa'amalo e pei o le Optiflo TVS.
Hydrophobic modified polyether thickener (HMPE) O le faatinoga o le hydrophobically modified polyether thickener e tutusa ma HEUR, ma o oloa e aofia ai Aquaflow NLS200, NLS210 ma NHS300 o Hercules.
O lona masini mafiafia o le a'afiaga o le fa'atasi uma o le hydrogen ma le fa'atasiga o vaega fa'ai'u. Pe a faatusatusa i mea mafiafia masani, e sili atu le anti-settling ma anti-sag properties. E tusa ai ma polarities eseese o vaega pito, e mafai ona vaevaeina mafiafia polyurea suia i ni ituaiga se tolu: low polarity polyurea mafiafia, medium polarity mafiafia polyurea ma maualuga polarity polyurea mafiafia. O mea muamua e lua o loʻo faʻaaogaina mo le faʻafefeteina o mea faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi, ae mafai ona faʻaogaina faʻamaufaʻailoga polyurea maualuga-polarity mo faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi maualuga ma faʻapipiʻi vai. O oloa faʻapisinisi e maualalo le polarity, medium polarity ma maualuga polarity polyurea mafiafia o BYK-411, BYK-410 ma BYK-420 taʻitasi.
Suia polyamide wax slurry o se rheological additive faʻapipiʻiina e ala i le faʻaofiina o vaega hydrophilic pei ole PEG i totonu ole filifili mole ole amide wax. I le taimi nei, o nisi ituaiga o loʻo faʻaulufale mai ma e masani ona faʻaaogaina e fetuunai ai le thixotropy o le faiga ma faʻaleleia le anti-thixotropy. Fa'atinoga fa'aanti-sag.
Taimi meli: Nov-22-2022